HPD violation classes: what A, B and C mean on the record.
Class C violations on HPD's record as of September 9, 2026, the immediately hazardous class, correct within 24 hours
See what is open on one building.
HPD violation classes sort every housing maintenance violation into A, B or C by hazard, and the class sets the correction window: 90 days for Class A, 30 days for Class B, 24 hours for Class C. The class is printed on the Notice of Violation and on the row in HPD's public record. What the record adds is what happens after the window: of the 2,712,581 Class A, B and C violations on file, 42.8% have ever been certified corrected. The share does not follow the urgency. Class B certifies at 47.2% and Class C, the class with the 24-hour window, at 45.6%. Class A, with 90 days, is the lowest at 31.5%.
If you own or manage the building. The class tells you the clock. A Class C notice gives 24 hours; the record shows the median owner who certifies at all takes 16 days. Every class stays on the building's record until a certification is accepted, and every class surfaces at sale, refinance and permit.
If you clear violations for a living. Class C is where the penalty process concentrates and where 277,500 violations stand open right now, 31.8% of every Class C ever recorded. That is the open work, by class.
If you rent here. The class is HPD's own reading of how dangerous the condition is. A Class C means an inspector found an immediately hazardous condition; whether it was fixed is a separate fact the record only shows as a certification.
The three classes, and the window each sets
The housing maintenance code names the class; HPD's inspector assigns it on the day of inspection. The window runs from the date the Notice of Violation is mailed, and a certification filed after it lands as NOV Certified Late rather than not at all.
| Class | What it means | On the record | Ever certified | Median days to certify |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | not hazardous, correct within 90 days | 675,133 | 31.5% | 51 |
| B | hazardous, correct within 30 days | 1,165,929 | 47.2% | 38 |
| C | immediately hazardous, correct within 24 hours | 871,519 | 45.6% | 16 |
| I | registration and Alternative Enforcement Program orders, cleared by filing, not by certification | 211,429 | cleared by filing, no certification path | |
Median days runs from inspection to the accepted certification, over the violations in that class that carry one. Class I carries no certification path, so no figure is shown.
Class C right now
Of the 871,519 Class C violations HPD has recorded, 277,500 stand open as of September 9, 2026, 31.8%. 397,601 have ever been certified corrected. The gap between those two numbers is the part of the record nobody filed on: violations that were corrected with no certification, and violations that were never corrected, and the public record cannot tell them apart. The citywide record page reads the same class over the trailing three years.
Which class each category lands in
The class follows the condition, not the category. Across the six categories this site tracks, Heat and hot water, Lead paint and Vermin and pests are mostly Class C; Water leaks and Electrical are mostly Class B; Mold is mostly Class A. The split is citywide, read from the same scan behind the thirty borough and category pages.
| Category | Class A | Class B | Class C | Most common |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heat and hot water | 2,642 | 6,394 | 148,537 | Class C, 94% |
| Lead paint | 0 | 8,309 | 67,932 | Class C, 89% |
| Vermin and pests | 12 | 13,040 | 198,214 | Class C, 94% |
| Mold | 59,180 | 58,220 | 11,977 | Class A, 46% |
| Water leaks | 26,907 | 156,968 | 27,119 | Class B, 74% |
| Electrical | 6,346 | 38,351 | 12,108 | Class B, 68% |
Counts are of violations whose description matches the category, citywide, as of September 9, 2026. A violation is in exactly one class.
What the class changes, and what it does not
The class changes the window, the order in which HPD reinspects, and where the civil penalty process starts: the penalty statuses on this record, CIV14 Mailed among them, sit on hazardous violations that were not certified on time. The class does not change the path to clearing a violation. Every class clears the same way: correct the condition, file the certificate of correction with HPD, and wait for the status to move to NOV Certified On Time or NOV Certified Late. What the certificate is, and where filings land, is on the certificate of correction guide.
The class also does not age. A Class A violation from years ago stays Class A and stays on the record, and a title search or a lender's review reads it the same day as a new one. The only exits are certification, dismissal, or closure, each its own status in the glossary.
Common questions about HPD violation classes
What is a Class C HPD violation?
The immediately hazardous class: no heat, no hot water, lead paint where a child under 6 lives, a gas leak, an unsafe stair. The correction window is 24 hours. 871,519 Class C violations are on HPD's record as of September 9, 2026; 45.6% have ever been certified corrected, at a median of 16 days from inspection.
How long do I have to correct a Class B violation?
30 days from the date HPD mails the Notice of Violation. Class B is the hazardous class: mold, vermin, a leak, a defective window guard. 1,165,929 are on the record and 47.2% have ever been certified, at a median of 38 days.
Is a Class A violation serious?
It is the non-hazardous class, with a 90-day window: a peeling ceiling, a missing sign, a minor plumbing defect. It still stays on the building's record until certified, and it still surfaces at sale or refinance. 675,133 are on the record, and at 31.5% ever certified it is the class least likely to be cleared, below both hazardous classes.
What is a Class I violation?
HPD's registration and Alternative Enforcement Program orders, not a hazard class. They clear by filing the registration or completing the program, never by a certificate of correction, which is why no certification figure is shown for them. 211,429 are on the record.
What this record does not tell you
It does not say whether a condition is fixed. It says whether a certification was accepted, which is a filing, not an inspection. It does not show the penalty amount on a violation; penalties are set through HPD's civil penalty process and the courts, and appear here only as statuses. It names no building and no owner. To read one building's own record, use the form above or the city's own HPD Online.
Cite this page
ViolationScout, HPD violation classes: what A, B and C mean on the record, counts by class, share ever certified, and median days to certification over HPD's Housing Maintenance Code Violations dataset. Figures cover the record through September 9, 2026 and were read on September 12, 2026. https://violationscout.com/guides/hpd-violation-classes
Counts by class over every row in our copy of HPD's violation record; certified means a certified date is on the row; median days is the median of certified date minus inspection date over rows that carry both. Source: NYC Open Data. How every figure here is counted: /methodology.
Aggregates only. No building and no owner is named on this page. Every figure queried at this deploy from our own copy of HPD's Housing Maintenance Code Violations dataset. Source: NYC Open Data. The guides, the status glossary, how to check your own building.